Data, validation and sources
All inputs come from official publications by the Bundesnetzagentur, the BKG and the transmission system operators. Some figures are modelled from them and marked as such. This page shows how they connect, how they were checked and where each value comes from.
How a number is made
- 01 · BilledYearly totalsFixed tariff and market premium paid to solar plants, from the TSOs' annual EEG statements (2002 onwards).
- 02 · JoinedPer-plant billingkWh and € per plant for 2025, linked to the MaStR by the EEG MaStR number or the plant key, which adds commissioning date, capacity and location.
- 03 · ModelledSplit by commissioning yearEach year's totals are split over the cohorts active in that year, in proportion to what each was paid in 2025.
- 04 · SpreadMonths, days, hoursThe billed year is spread over time by SMARD PV generation; net cost per hour uses that hour's day-ahead price.
- 05 · ValuedNet costPayments minus the market value of the energy the TSOs sell: the Jahresmarktwert Solar, computed from the TSOs' solar projection and spot price.
Validation: billing year 2025
The per-plant data, summed, against the TSOs' official annual statement; and the market value computed here against the published one.| Check | Official | This site | Difference | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed tariff payments | €8.928 bn | €8.908 bn | −0.23% | Within ±2% |
| Market premium | €1.776 bn | €1.780 bn | 0.19% | Within ±2% |
| Total | €10.705 bn | €10.688 bn | −0.16% | Within ±2% |
| Payments linked to MaStR plants | €10.720 bn | €10.683 bn | −0.35% | the rest is mapped by the TSO's municipality key |
| Solar market value 2025 | 4.508 ct/kWh | 4.508 ct/kWh | 0.0% | Computed from the TSOs' solar projection and spot price, compared with their published Jahresmarktwert Solar |
The EEG account statements cover all energy sources together, so they cannot check the solar figures; the annual statements per energy source are used instead.
Payments without a MaStR match
Share of each commissioning year's 2025 payments that went to plants not found in the MaStR. Overall 99.65% is matched.20050.5%
20060.4%
20070.3%
20080.4%
20090.2%
20100.4%
20110.3%
20120.2%
20130.3%
20140.4%
20150.3%
20160.4%
20170.4%
20180.3%
20190.2%
20200.2%
20210.2%
20220.4%
20230.6%
20240.8%
20251.1%
Solar market value per year
Used for the net cost: the Jahresmarktwert Solar as in Anlage 1 Nr. 5 EEG, the TSOs' spot price weighted by their projection of solar output, both published on netztransparenz.de back to 2012. It matches every published value (2020–2025) to the third decimal. For comparison: SMARD prices weighted by SMARD PV generation, and the TSOs' MW Solar(a), which follows the § 33 EEG 2012 formula.| Year | Used (ct/kWh) | Source | SMARD | MW Solar(a) | PV output at negative prices |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 4.42 | Computed from TSO data | – | 4.50 | 0.1% |
| 2013 | 3.69 | Computed from TSO data | – | 3.94 | 1.1% |
| 2014 | 3.21 | Computed from TSO data | – | 3.33 | 0.7% |
| 2015 | 3.09 | Computed from TSO data | 3.09 | 3.17 | 1.0% |
| 2016 | 2.68 | Computed from TSO data | 2.67 | 2.95 | 1.5% |
| 2017 | 3.16 | Computed from TSO data | 3.16 | 3.47 | 2.1% |
| 2018 | 4.38 | Computed from TSO data | 4.38 | 4.52 | 1.6% |
| 2019 | 3.49 | Computed from TSO data | 3.49 | 3.78 | 3.2% |
| 2020 | 2.46 | Computed from TSO data | 2.45 | 2.88 | 6.5% |
| 2021 | 7.55 | Computed from TSO data | 7.55 | 9.56 | 4.2% |
| 2022 | 22.31 | Computed from TSO data | 22.23 | 20.81 | 1.6% |
| 2023 | 7.20 | Computed from TSO data | 7.22 | 8.00 | 8.5% |
| 2024 | 4.62 | Computed from TSO data | 4.62 | 5.86 | 18.9% |
| 2025 | 4.51 | TSOs, Jahresmarktwert Solar (published) | 4.61 | 6.17 | 25.1% |
| 2026 | 5.29 | Computed from TSO data (until 30 September 2026; modelled years use 2025) | 5.68 | – | 24.7% |
Commissioning bands by EEG version
Default grouping on the overview. Boundaries follow the date from which each version's PV tariffs applied.| Band | Commissioned | Legal basis |
|---|---|---|
| EEG 2000 | 1 April 2000 – 31 December 2003 | BGBl. I 2000 S. 305 |
| EEG 2004 | 1 January 2004 – 31 December 2008 | BGBl. I 2004 S. 1918 |
| EEG 2009 | 1 January 2009 – 31 March 2012 | BGBl. I 2008 S. 2074 |
| PV amendment 2012 | 1 April 2012 – 31 July 2014 | BGBl. I 2012 S. 1754 |
| EEG 2014 | 1 August 2014 – 31 December 2016 | BGBl. I 2014 S. 1066 |
| EEG 2017 | 1 January 2017 – 31 December 2020 | BGBl. I 2016 S. 2258 |
| EEG 2021 | 1 January 2021 – 29 July 2022 | BGBl. I 2020 S. 3138 |
| EEG 2023 | 30 July 2022 – today | BGBl. I 2022 S. 1237 |
Tariff table
1,422 rows; each cites its legal or official source.| Commissioned | Type | Size band | Feed-in | ct/kWh | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 January 2006 – 31 December 2006 | Building | ≤ 30 kW | Any | 51.80 | EEG 2004 § 11 Abs. 5 (5 % degression of the previous year's rate, rounded to two decimals) |
| 1 January 2006 – 31 December 2006 | Building | 30–100 kW | Any | 49.28 | EEG 2004 § 11 Abs. 5 (5 % degression of the previous year's rate, rounded to two decimals) |
| 1 January 2006 – 31 December 2006 | Building | > 100 kW | Any | 48.74 | EEG 2004 § 11 Abs. 5 (5 % degression of the previous year's rate, rounded to two decimals) |
| 1 January 2006 – 31 December 2006 | Ground-mounted / other | all | Any | 40.60 | EEG 2004 § 11 Abs. 5 (5 % degression of the previous year's rate, rounded to two decimals; 6,5 % for ground-mounted from 2006) |
Data build
- Built
- 2026-10-11 19:08:55 UTC
- Commit
- 0d2afcf
- MaStR export
- 11 October 2026
- PV units read
- 6,564,496
- Billing year
- 2025
- Solar plants in the billing
- 4,469,634
- Payments linked to MaStR
- 99.65%
- Under outdated municipality keys
- €35.6 m
- Boundaries as of
- 31.12.2024
- SMARD data until
- 30 September 2026
Downloads
The reference tables behind this site, as CSV.Sources
| Dataset | Publisher | Used for | Licence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marktstammdatenregister (market master data register), full export | Bundesnetzagentur | Plants, capacity, EEG commissioning date, location | Data licence Germany – attribution – 2.0 |
| EEG annual billing (plant master and movement data) | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | kWh and payments per plant and tariff category (2025: €10.72 bn; 4.47 million solar plants in the billing, 3.93 million with a positive payment) | No open licence |
| EEG annual billing (aggregated, per energy source and TSO) | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | Yearly solar payments 2000–2025; check of the per-plant data (2025: within 0.3 %) | No open licence |
| EEG account statements | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | Validation (covers all energy sources together) | No open licence |
| Online projection of solar output (quality-assured) and spot price under § 3 Nr. 42a EEG | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | Solar market value per year (Jahresmarktwert Solar, Anlage 1 Nr. 5 EEG) and share of solar output at negative prices | No open licence |
| Market value overview (MW Solar(a) and Jahresmarktwert Solar) | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | Check of the computed market value (Jahresmarktwert Solar 2025); MW Solar(a) for comparison | No open licence |
| EEG tariff category table | 50Hertz / Amprion / TenneT / TransnetBW | Solar tariffs 2009–2016; cross-check of all other years | No open licence |
| SMARD electricity market data | Bundesnetzagentur | Hourly PV generation (from 2015) and day-ahead prices: spreading payments over months, days and hours | CC BY 4.0 |
| Archive of tariff rates (Archiv Vergütungssätze) | Bundesnetzagentur | Solar tariffs Jan 2017 – Dec 2026 (the archive has no solar files before May 2017) | Data licence Germany – attribution |
| Notices of the degression and tariff rates under § 32 EEG | Bundesnetzagentur (Bundesanzeiger) | Check of the monthly solar rates Nov 2012 – Jul 2014 (all 105 values match) | Official work (§ 5 UrhG), free to use |
| EEG law texts and amendments 2000–2022 | Bundesgesetzblatt | Tariffs 2000–2008, EEG version bands | Official work (§ 5 UrhG), free to use |
| Administrative areas 1:250,000 (VG250-EW), as of 31 Dec 2024 | Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie (BKG) | Map boundaries of states, districts and municipalities; municipality keys and areas | Data licence Germany – attribution – 2.0 |
| List of municipalities with area and population as of 31 Dec 2025 (Gemeindeverzeichnis) | Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis) | Inhabitants per area, put onto the boundaries of 31 Dec 2024; payments per inhabitant on the map | Free to use with attribution (Destatis) |
No open licence: according to the imprint of netztransparenz.de its content is protected by copyright, and copying it needs the transmission system operators' prior consent unless the law permits it. The Bundesnetzagentur publishes its data files under the Data licence Germany – attribution, according to its imprint.